Saturday, July 16, 2011

Dino Jaws in Birmingham

It seems that robot dinosaurs are enjoying something of a resurgence in the UK this year. London's Natural History Museum currently has two robo-dino exhibits underway - one in the museum itself and another in a Brighton shopping centre. In addition, they've hired out their old 'Dino Jaws' exhibit to the Thinktank museum in Birmingham, and having looked at the others it is to that which we now turn our attention. (Oh, there's also some nonsense on at the O2. Doesn't particularly look like it's worth the time. But I might go anyway.) I was fortunate enough to tour with the museum's Natural Science Curator, Adam Stuart Smith, who is also a plesiosaur researcher and indulges in certain hobbies we don't mention in polite company. Onwards then (awesome Baryonyx below may look familiar)...






















Although the museum - located at Millenium Point, a ten minute walk from Birmingham New Street station - is not free, Dino Jaws is included in your entry ticket (until the exhibition ends on September 5). The exhibition is accessed through a rather unassuming entrance on the third floor, adjacent to an exhibit looking at future technologies that features a wacky robot actor and a robot arm that plays an electronic drumkit. What's striking once inside is how large and open the exhibition space is, which contrasts strongly with the more confined feel in the Natural History Museum. The large amount of floorspace means that one is free to wander at will, rather than being shepherded through in a linear fashion, and it's also possible to view the robo-dinos from a variety of different angles and distances. Apparently this openness was deliberately exploited in the planning of the exhibit to give the dinosaurs suitably dramatic backdrops and plenty of breathing space - and it's all worked very well.












The real 'big spectacular' here is the full-size Baryonyx, and it's an absolute beauty. The robot has superb fine detailing and texturing and wonderfully fluid, naturalistic movement. It even has a convincingly mad, stupid stare in its eyes. Maybe it's not absolutely perfect but damnit, it's near enough. Don't deny me my love affair. I want it in my garden, swiping its giant fish-hooks at passing schoolchildren.

















Much as I love the Baryonyx, however, it's important to remember that there were other dinosaurs present. Placed front-and-centre as you enter - deliberately so, I am told - is a disembodied Tyrannosaurus head (and neck). It's easy to see why it earned pride of place - even reduced to just its head, Tyrannosaurus is undeniably impressive, and the robot is extremely lively, to say the least. Again, the fluiditiy and speed of the movements are striking, and also conspire to make sure that it's near-impossible to take a photo that doesn't feature copious amounts of motion blur.

















The overall theme of the exhibition is an examination of various dinosaurs' eating habits. The Tyrannosaurus head, as with a nearby Edmontosaurus and "Brachiosaurus" (yeah, Giraffatitan), has one side cut away to reveal the skull. It's an interesting educational idea, but in the cases of Tyrannosaurus and Giraffatitan it doesn't really add much; the life restoration conforms very closely to the shape of the skull anyway, and the jaws only perform simple up-and-down movements (as is accurate). If anything, having one side of T. rex's head sheared away only detracts from what is otherwise a very lifelike robot.

















Another issue I have with the Giraffatitan - much as it is superbly made - is that its head is just a 'shrink-wrapped skull' that doesn't conform with modern knowledge of sauropod anatomy.

















A better use of the cutaway concept is Edmontosaurus, the fleshy head of which does substantially conceal what's going on underneath. Looking at the skull side, one can see the teeth in the upper jaw sliding over those in the lower jaw as the animal chews its food. Looking at the fleshy side, one is slightly unnerved by a disembodied head that somehow appears almost uncannily alive. I still swear it tracked me across the room, and given that some of the robots these days do track movement I might not have been imagining it. But I probably was.


















The two other herbivores on show are Euoplocephalus and Iguanodon, both of which are quite impressive (and large) robots in their own right, but look a little static next to the Baryonyx. The Euoplocephalus, in a rather undignified turn for the mighty ankylosaur, seems to have been appropriated for a display probably best titled 'Dino Bowels'. It also has bad gas. The Iguanodon is somewhat shrunken - it could be considered a juvenile, but it's also a fairly good match for Mantellisaurus atherfieldensis, formerly considered an Iguanodon species.






























What robo-dinosaur exhibit is complete without some 'raptors'? Apparently, the original plan was to have three of them gathered around a Protoceratops carcass - taking up a significant amount of floor space - and comment on their possible pack-hunting behaviour. Still, Thinktank have made the most of the two they have, and liberally added fake blood to make the scene extra-gory. I'm not a big fan of these Velociraptor robots - apart from the obvious anatomical bloopers (like the hands), they look a little like scaly dinosaurs dressed up in cute fluffy outfits. Sadly, that still makes them the best robot dromaeosaurs I've seen.































Poor old Protoceratops has been torn to pieces. The shredded head is particularly gory/cool.















For remainders, we have an Oviraptor that was rather dead on the day (but still plaintively cried out, rather amusingly) and an iffy Coelophysis that hardly moved at all. In fact, Coelophysis was upstaged by a very impressive taxidermy lynx, mounted as if leaping up to attack an unfortunate blackbird. It's worth mentioning that there are a number of taxidermy modern animals hanging around the dinosaurs, in order to provide a comparison point when it comes to feeding habits and behaviour. Commendably, the Thinktank team went to great lengths to avoid the appearance of the dinosaurs and modern animals being in the same scene, with the latter being obviously separated and only having plain black backdrops.













































In terms of the exhibition's educational remit there are none of the obvious howlers that afflict the Brighton exhibition (save a few unfortunate typos). Once again there is nothing that readers of this blog won't already know, but I was happy to see the 'cannibal Coelophysis' idea firmly debunked, as it's something that still pops up in books and even museums. Most of the signage is on loan from the NHM, and features Dr Angela Milner speaking about this-and-that through the medium of text bubbles while clutching a tiny model spinosaur skull. Strange.

Overall I must say I was impressed. The robots themselves are of a very high standard, and excellent use has been made of the exhibition space to present them alongside fossil casts, taxidermy and skulls/skeletons from modern animals. It's great to be able to walk around everything, unpressured and with plenty of room, and take your time inspecting the exhibits from different angles. Well worth a visit if you're in Birmingham and if it's not to your liking then, well, there's always the wacky robot actor.

With thanks to Niroot Puttapipat for supplying some of the photos. That's him on the right, with Adam on the left. Sorry guys...

Friday, July 15, 2011

Mesozoic Miscellany 39

Your weekly roundup of links from around the dinosaur blogosphere begins...

Now.

First up, new month, new Boneyard. Hosted by the originator of the whole shebang, Brian Switek, at Laelaps.

This weekend, the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County opens its new dinosaur hall. I wrote about it on Tuesday, with photos from last Friday's member's only preview night.

The new hall opens just in time for the second "Dinosaur Day," a holiday created not by Hallmark but by blogger Ms. Xandra of Barbarella Psychedella.

Stu Pond continues his musings on science communication at Paleo Illustrata. This week, the museum.

Nifty Herrerasaurus sketch by Ezequiel Vera.

A Triceratops horn core discovered right at the K-Pg boundary is claimed to show that Triceratops survived until the bitter end of the Cretaceous. Ehhhh... maybe. Everything Dinosaur has more.

At Prep Lounge, Matthew Brown gives us the skinny on the paleontological tool that is featured in the SVP logo: the Marsh Pick. If you're interested in the amazing prep work that goes into our understanding of fossils, be sure to visit his blog. I also loved his recent post on the sabrecat Homotherium.

Paleoexhibit blogger and ubiquitous paleoartist Nobu Tamura shared his versions of various Morrison stegosaurs this week.

Mark Wildman asks: Is it time for a Palaeontological Resources Preservation Act in the UK?

Finally, a bit of cuteness spotted by my eagle-eyed spouse, The Jennie Orr.


From the illustration collab blog Ten Paces and Draw. It's the work of Emma Maatman, and Michele Rosenthal.

That'll do it for this week! Astute readers will note a break from the classical Mesozoic Miscellany format. This is in keeping with some impending and entirely necessary changes here. I'll talk about why soon.

Tuesday, July 12, 2011

NHM of Los Angeles County opens new dinosaur hall

Dueling Dinos in the Grand Foyer
The "dueling dinos" of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. From the Museum viaFlickr.

This Saturday, July 16, the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County will fling open the doors to its brand new dinosaur hall. Luckily for those of us either too impatient to wait or too far away to see it first hand, photos from last Friday's member's only preview have been making their way online.

I've heard nothing but positive things from the handful of Facebook and Twitter friends who have been able to visit, and whenever I am able to make my way to the left coast, I'll be jazzed to pop in and see for myself. In the meantime, enjoy these photos from the preview event. The T. rex growth series mount in particular is stunning (in the extreme foreground of this first photo, you can also get the barest hint of an allosaur being thagomized). No good photos of either that mount or the Mamenchisaurus yet, which is a travesty of the highest order!

Dinosaur hall
Photo by Bolt of Blue, via Flickr.

P7070026
Photo by Scientia Virum, via Flickr.

P7071006
Photo by Coolislandsong24, via Flickr.

Triceratops
Photo by Rudebigdog, via Flickr.

Carnotaurus sastrei
Carnotaurus sastrei. Photo by Rudebigdog, via Flickr.

For more on the NHM's dinosaur hall, visit the museum's site and the hall's press release [PDF], and see this story from the Daily News.

Monday, July 11, 2011

Vintage Dinosaur Art: Hank Chapman

Today's VDA post is bite-sized, featuring only two little illustrations. But they're a neat change of pace, I hope you'll agree.

Hank Chapman was a prominent comics artist who worked for Timely, Atlas, and DC comics. He's also one of the few entrants in this long, proud series famous enough to warrant a Wikipedia page of his very own. Chapman is well-known for his war comics in the fifties, having written over a hundred, but in the mid-sixties, he "fell off the map." Crammed next to advertisements for Boy Scout camping supplies in the March 1964 issue of Boy's Life magazine are his small illustrations of Stegosaurus and the first theropod, Megalosaurus.

The Stegosaurus, on his elephantine legs, eats what looks to be a french fry plant.

Stegosaurus

Meanwhile, Megalosaurus chases down some unseen quarry, likely while yelling "RARRRAGHGHAAARGH!!" and flexing his grabby little hands.

Megalosaurus

The story these cute lil' dinosaurs accompanied was a quick n' jaunty blurb about the origins of dinosaur paleontology. I'd love to find out if Chapman did any other dinosaur illustrations. So far, I've had no luck finding any. At the very least, it would be fun to look through his sketchbook to see what other amazing archosaurs he played around with.

Saturday, July 9, 2011

Submit to the next Boneyard Blog Carnival!

The next Boneyard Blog Carnival is hosted by Brian Switek at Laelaps. Submit your paleontology blog posts - new or old - to boneyardblogcarnical(at)gmail(dot)com. We're especially looking for posts dedicated to saber-toothed predators this time around! The deadline is Monday, July 11, and it will be posted on Tuesday the 12th.

Friday, July 8, 2011

Mesozoic Miscellany #38

Research and Discoveries News

Pneumaticity and the evolution of birds. In a new research paper in Biological Reviews, now in advance online publication, a team led by Robert Benson examined the remarkable 12 unique lines of archosaurs who evolved pneumaticity in their skeletons. The authors "hypothesise that skeletal density modulation in small, non-volant, maniraptorans resulted in energetic savings as part of a multi-system response to increased metabolic demands. Acquisition of extensive postcranial pneumaticity in small-bodied maniraptorans may indicate avian-like high-performance endothermy."

An overview of the pterosaurs' remarkable variety of forms. A masters thesis by Karen Prentice, along with Marcello Ruta and Michael Benton, takes a thorough look at the entire pterosaur family tree to tease out evolutionary patterns. Among their findings: "there is no evidence that rhamphorhynchoids as a whole were outcompeted by pterodactyloids, or that pterosaurs were driven to extinction by the rise of birds."

Around the Dinoblogosphere

Jaime Headden gives you 20 reasons why Gigantoraptor "was the biggest, baddest, nastiest thing you ever saw… and also a caenagnathid."

The paleontology expedition from Montana State University takes a look at patterns in dinosaur egg clutches.

Phil Manning gives a little sneak peak at his Dinosaur CSI series, premiering tonight in the US on the National Geographic Channel.

Want to see a mounted Zuchengtyrannus? Head to China, or just bop over to Archosaur Musings.

Big congrats to Glendon Mellow, who is part of a new blog on the SciAm blog network, Symbiartic. Check out his first post.

If you aren't yet acquainted with paleontology legend Sir Richard Owen, Mark Wildman can bring you up to speed at Saurian.

Sharon of Omegafauna treats the rest of the world to a virtual tour of the Science Museum of Minnesota. Meet Fafner the Triceratops!

At SV-POW, Mike Taylor continues the team's tutorial series, with a how-to dealing with writing one's first research paper.

They told Anthony Maltese to find a Pteranodon... and that's exactly what he did, damn it.

Victoria Arbour shares a field season's bounty in the form of hadrosaur bones ready for the preppin'.

At the Paleo King, Nima delves into the always lively discussion about the whys and wherefores of sauropod necks.

In another dispatch from Utah, Brian Switek reports on his visit to the Utah Field House of Natural History.

Take those kids outside! David Tana shifts the direction of Superoceras to look at the ways any of us can help the young'uns become more engaged with nature, no matter where we live.

ART Evolved's new gallery, celebrating the Carboniferous, is up. Check it out!

At Faster Times, Asher Elbein writes about the recent papers about the weaponry of Stegoceras and Kentrosaurus.

If you've been trying to track down Tony Martin to no avail, he's in Australia. He sends word of his experience there with the Emory Study-Abroad program. I'm totally envious of these students.

The state of dinosaur documentaries, and the CGI animation that comprises them, is the subject of a recent post at Paleo Illustrata, by Stu Pond.

Twit Picks
Stuff I've linked to on Twitter in the last coupla weeks...
Paleoart of the Week
As it's been two weeks since the last big roundup, it's only fair that I share two pieces here, don't you think? The first comes from hadrosaur enthusiast and 3D artist Angie Rodrigues, who posted her new Lambeosaurus model on her blog this week. Incredible, and made even cooler by the fact that you'll be able to own it! That's right - just check out her shop at Shapeways to buy one of her figures.

This week, Mark Witton debuted his new site, which is packed with wonderful stuff, much of which hasn't been shared on his popular Flickr photostream. So, from Flickr, here's a dandy piece o' Wittonalia to celebrate this milestone.
Beautiful friends, The end
Also, see his Pterosaur.net post announcing his site.

Outrageously Off-Topic Indulgence
Robot shark! By Justin White, aka Jublin.
robot shark

Tuesday, July 5, 2011

Dinosaurs-by-Sea

London's Natural History Museum has opened a temporary robo-dinosaur exhibit in Brighton's Churchill Square shopping centre. I just happened to be in the city (honest) on Sunday, and thought I'd pop in for at least as long an investigation as my unfortunate girlfriend would tolerate.






















The centre of the mall will play host to this fearsome-looking animatronic collective until September 4, and they are in plain sight, completely free to view and rather popular with shoppers. From a purely aesthetic point of view, they're not too shabby at all - they move smoothly and quite convincingly for the most part (although the Tyrannosaurus is by far the best in this respect) and have well-executed skin textures and fine detailing. It's anatomical accuracy that's lacking.

















When it comes to theropods, one can find Baryonyx, an unidentified ornithomimosaur, and Oviraptor positioned around the Tyrannosaurus centrepiece. The larger animals having been shrunk isn't the issue - it's the serious outbreak of Bunny Hands Syndrome. Even worse - in fact much, much more maddeningly, frustratingly anachronistic, awful and hideously ugly - the oviraptorosaurs are completely bald. Stark naked, scaly, and wrinkly, they belong firmly in the 1990s, and not at an exhibition endorsed by the country's national natural history museum. (Look, it's holding an egg too! Not implausible, but still very '90s.)

















The ornithischians fare a little better. The Triceratops and Euoplocephalus have some anatomical flaws (the Triceratops' hands, for example), but none as screamingly obvious and downright offensive as the bald maniraptors. The red pupils of the Triceratops are a little weird, but credit is due for correctly giving the (rather adorable) juveniles stumpy horns and shorter frills, rather than making them scaled-down versions of the adult.
















































Wait, did I say Euoplocephalus? Well, that would have been because that's what it looks like. Of course, the experts who prepared this exhibit know better:

















Oh dear. This is all rather embarrassing for the Natural History Museum - much as I love the place, it would be pertinent for them to verify the accuracy of the exhibitions they're endorsing. Elsewhere one can spot Ye Olde John Sibbicke art from the '80s, depicting a bald Troodon and fat Apatosaurus with elephantine feet. Granted, these robots knock the spots off anything produced in the '90s (just look at the Dinamation horrors and weep), but this is still some way from being a properly educational exhibit. Have a look if you're in Brighton (it's free!), but dino-nerds should definitely disengage their critical faculties.

Jim Lawson's Paleo: Loner available online


Page 1 of Jim Lawson's Paleo:Loner.

Comic artist Jim Lawson, who wrapped up twenty years of drawing Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles in 2009, is the creator of the Paleo, a series which tells stories from the Cretaceous. With no clear prospects of print publication on the horizon, Lawson has decided to release the pages of the latest story, Paleo: Loner, on the web. Over the last few weeks, he's released 16 pages, which tell the story of a lone male tyrannosaur. Much of the story so far has been spent in flashback, as the tyrannosaur remembers his mother. You can begin the series here. Also, check out Brian Switek's review of the Paleo series at Dinosaur Tracking, from April of this year.

Monday, July 4, 2011

Vintage Dinosaur Art: The First Invicta Poster

Starting in the 1970s and continuing until surprisingly recently, Invicta Plastics of Leicester, England produced a line of (mostly) 1:45 scale plastic figures of dinosaurs and a handful of other prehistoric creatures (and a blue whale). For most of their run, the figures were only available in monochrome, each figure typically having its own associated colour of plastic (with some variation). For example, the Tyrannosaurus was usually a threatening deep red, while Brachiosaurus was green. Still, as you're reading this blog you probably know all this already, and likely own a few of the figures yourself - they are among the most eminently collectible of all the plastic dinosaur lines.

A couple of posters were produced alongside the line, both of which pictured a panoramic scene that showed the passage of time, with the sky graduating from red to blue as the millions of years went by. It's the earlier one that I happen to own, picturing decidedly retro creatures dating mostly from the 1970s. With apologies for the reflective glare/camera shake, as it's hangin' on me wall and I didn't want to take it down like.
















The various illustrations are very faithful to the look of the original figures - right down to the poses and some of their more peculiar quirks. Starting in the Mid Jurassic, we come across this tail-dragging lizardy Megalosaurus. None of the Invicta figures had open mouths - when it came to the theropods' teeth, they were either concealed by scaly lips (as here) or very discreetly on show as in the case of the Tyrannosaurus (I'll return to that one). Note also that the right hand on this strange beast resembles a cat's paw, presumably because the earlier figures didn't have separated digits either.

















Plesiosaurus
was the first of three marine reptiles produced for the line, the others being Ichthyosaurus and Liopleurodon (or 'a pliosaur'). Here it's delightfully illustrated clutching a fish in its jaws, displaying the classic swan-neck posture that we now know the animals couldn't actually achieve in life. The head here is pretty strangely shaped, more resembling a generic theropod dinosaur complete with non-retracted nostrils.













The Invicta Iguanodon, with its kangaroo pose and willowy skin, looked like it had stepped straight out of a Neave Parker illustration, and it's worth contrasting with the later quadrupedal and straight-tailed Muttaburrasaurus. Here its weirdo wrinkly look has been quite faithfully recreated. The left leg merges somewhat with the tree behind, making it look like it has an horrific tumour.













Triceratops, then. The pose is identical to the figure, which I just so happened to review once, and its unlikely tail-dragging always reminds me of the rather historic mount in London's Natural History Museum (take time to check it out if you visit, it even has only three toes per foot). Notice how the frill appears to join the neck, a feature of the original figure that was probably to make moulding easier.













The poster features quite a few incidental details that one can easily miss at first glance. For example, here's a non-descript dinosaur corpse being consumed by a non-descript scavenging reptilian creature. At the far right of the poster, there's also a rather scrawny gentleman attempting to clamber up some palm trees, and I like to entertain the possibility that it's a self-portrait of the artist. In which case, granted, he was probably a mad hermit living in caves in Dorset and subsisting on fish and seagull innards.













Penultimately - Tyrannosaurus. This one's one of my favourites. I love the cheesy grin, the big lower lip, the impossibly meshed teeth, and the ear immediately behind the eye. Although the figure shared these flaws, the (dragged) tail was at least straight and the animal had a dynamic, striding posture bordering on modern (see my review, cough). This one, however, is standing around with its tail snaking all over the place. Note also that, just as in the figure, the head is far too narrow.













Finally: a happy mammoth. He's one cheery lookin' mammoth, that's for sure.













The artist's name, as it happens, was Ian Coleman, and very talented he was too. This is a real treasure, just as much as the (now) retro figures that were its inspiration.

If you want to find out more about the Invicta prehistoric creature models, try pointing your browser at the Realm of Rubber Dinosaurs, the Dinosaur Collector site, and of course the Dinosaur Toy Blog (whoever THEY are).

Friday, July 1, 2011

Mesozoic Miscellany #37: Mega Turbo Research Explosion Edition

There are many weeks that see the publication (or at least, publicization) of several papers relating to those archosaurs we so dearly love. But this week, there's been a surge of research of the sort that has the potential to grab the attention of those with only a casual interest in paleontology or, heaven forbid, little at all. Dinosaur colors, tyrannosaurs, and anatomical weaponry are all topics that tend to dazzle the public-at-large, and they all got press this week.

Another method for reading feather colorsDr. Phil Manning of Manchester University is one of several authors on a Science Express paper that describes a new way to glean information about feather coloration from fossil animals. At his Dinosaur CSI blog, Manning writes, "Pigment is a critical component of colour. Our team can map the presence of pigments over whole fossils, revealing original colour patterns (but through a monochrome filter). Our findings indicate that pigment chemistry holds the future key to the ultimate goal of discovering the full colour palette of past life, from dodos to dinosaurs and beyond."



Even James Gurney hopped on this story at his blog, and for the second week, USA Today has covered a piece of dinosaur news.

Raptorex reevaluated
The embattled little theropod posited by Paul Sereno to be evidence of the tyrannosaur bauplan evolving in smaller form much earlier than expected - in the Early Cretaceous - has taken a hit this week. A team of researchers from the Black Hills Institute and Museum of the Rockies examined Raptorex kriegsteini, determining that the hypothesis that it is actually a juvenile Tarbosaurus, and not a distinct species all its own, is correct. The provenance of the fossil, obtained through private hands, was never established to the satisfaction of the paleontological community at large. "Variability in personal communications regarding the specimen makes it difficult to ascertain exact details that were known at the time of purchase, highlighting the problems of dealing with commercial specimens that have been illegally collected," write the authors. Read what Mark Wildman has to say about this at Saurian.

It's best not to be thagomized by Kentrosaurus. From Heinrich Mallison comes research, published in Palaeo-Electronica, that looks at the mechanics of the thagomizer in the stegosaur Kentrosaurus. Conclusion: it's a really, really bad idea to find yourself staring down the business end of a stegosaur. Mallison writes about it in detail, with great reconstructions from David Maas, at the Palaeo-Electro blog.

You should also avoid being headbutted by Stegoceras. How did the pachycephalosaur Stegoceras compare to modern head-butting analogs like bighorn sheep? Pretty darn well, thank you very much, report Eric Snively and Jessica M. Theodor in PLoS ONE. "The head-butting duiker Cephalophus leucogaster," they write, "is the closest morphological analog to Stegoceras, with a smaller yet similarly rounded dome." Read more from Wired UK.

But that's not all! 
There's another paper on Stegoceras published in PLoS ONE, and it's also the second this week with Jack Horner attached to it. Of course, as both deal with the taxonomic implications of ontogeny, that's hardly a surprise. The team of researchers conclude that pachycephalosaurs were indeed capable of dramatic changes in cranial structure as they grew up. This is another brick in Horner's position that Dracorex and Stygimoloch are merely juvenile specimens of Pachycephalosaurus. Jaime Headden talked about this at The Bite Stuff, as does Everything Dinosaur. Victoria Arbour is a big fan of Stegoceras, and she shares some great photos of the mount at the University of Alberta. Nice to see two papers in quick succession about pachycephalosaurs, who leave behind such fragmentary remains and sit at the center of an important debate in dinosaur paleontology.

We'll return to the usual format of the roundup next week, which will be cram-packed with excellent stuff. The dinosaur blogosphere has been hopping with interesting content lately.